Building

See also: List of buildings, List of production methods

Victoria 3: July 2021 Update. A look at what has been going on in the first batch of dev diaries, including: pops, Capacities, buildings, Goods, and Production methods.

The buildings panel provides a detailed summary of the buildings in the player's country and their associated production methods.

Buildings are the primary basis of a country's economy in Victoria 3. Buildings employ pops and produce goods, and some buildings provide other benefits, such as prestige, bureaucracy, or military units.

Although called buildings, they should be considered as industrial sectors, bureaucratic districts or similar – that is, a single level of a building does not represent a single factory, farm, or administrative office building, but a number of such.

Construction

The construction camp building from the infrastructure group produces construction. This is handled on country level and used to construct the other buildings. Almost all buildings are directly constructed. (the only exceptions are subsistence buildings and urban centers, which are built automatically).

Buildings are located and built on the state level. Each type of building has a certain construction required to be completed. As a rule of thumb, factories require 450 construction, agricultural buildings require 150 and military buildings require 60. Each week a country's produced construction are applied to buildings placed in the construction queue(s). Each building has a cap on how much effective construction progress can be made each week, typically 20. Additional contruction will then be applied to the second priority in the building queue, then the third and so forth.

While, technically, there is no limit on the total number of buildings that can be built inside a state, different limitations placed on the buildings themselves (which are meant to simulate a sensible and realistic way for them to function) limit the states the player can place them in. For example, many production buildings are limited by locally available resources, such as arable land for agriculture or iron abundance in the case of iron mines. In a similar fashion, urban buildings (such as factories) are only limited by how many people can be crammed into the state, simulating the more densely populated nature of cities.

Building costs

The costs of running the construction sectors (both labour and materials) are the sole expenses when constructing. They can be seen under Construction materials and Government wages respectively. When buildings are constructed, the construction uses pop labor and goods, and the costs involved are subject to market forces. Construction sectors uses wood and fabric as a base. Iron, steel, glass and explosives are required for more advanced production methods.

Any excess construction each week is wasted. Wages has to be payed regardless of whether the construction is actually used or not. However, the excess construction does not require any goods. In general one should always use the entire construction capacity outside of dire and temporary situations. If the construction is not used, it is better to downscale construction sectors.

Construction Efficiency

Certain factors can modify the Construction Efficiency in a state, which makes each point of raw construction capacity contribute more or less towards construction progress of a building. At base construction efficiency, every point of raw construction capacity provides 1 effective construction progress. For example, if a state has +50% construction efficiency, then every 1 point of raw construction capacity provides 1.5 effective construction progress. So a state with +50% construction efficiency would need to use only 13.34 points of construction capacity to build at maximum speed.

There are numerous things affecting construction efficiency:

• Local construction sectors increase construction efficiency in the state, with more advanced construction methods providing more efficiency.
• Having surplus Bureaucracy increases construction efficiency nationwide.
• The road maintenance decree provides 10% construction efficiency.
• If the trade unions are angry,  work-to-rule will decrease construction efficiency by 15%
• Certain state traits like mountains or deserts decrease local construction efficiency
• Turmoil decrease construction efficiency in increasing severity
• Certain events can decrase construction efficiency

Building categories

In general, buildings can be broken down into the following categories:

• Subsistence buildings - These are a special type of highly inefficient buildings that cannot manually be built or destroyed, but rather will appear anywhere in the world where there is arable land that isn't being used for another type of building. The vast majority of the world's population starts the game "working" in subsistence buildings as peasants, and much of the game's industrialization process is about finding more productive employment for those peasants. Pops working in these buildings contribute little to GDP and taxes per capita.

• Urban centers - Another special type of building. Like the subsistence buildings, these are automatically created rather than built, with the level of urban center in a state being tied to the amount of urbanization generated by its other buildings. Urban Centers primarily employ shopkeepers and provide a number of important local functions.

• Government buildings - These are buildings that are fully funded by the state and provide crucial civil services required for the smooth running of a Victorian era nation. Examples include Government Administrations where bureaucrats produce bureaucracy for the administration of incorporated states and funding of institutions, and universities where academics produce innovation for technological progression.

• Private industries - These are the counterpart to government buildings. The vast majority of buildings fall under this category, which includes a broad range of industries such as (non-subsistence) farms, plantations, mines and factories. Unlike government buildings, private industries are not owned by the state but rather by pops such as capitalists and aristocrats, who reap the profits they bring in and pay wages to the other pops working there -- though it is important to note that under certain economic systems the ownership of buildings may be radically different.

• Development buildings - These are often, but not always, government buildings that distinguish themselves by providing vital state-level functions. For example, a barracks that recruits and trains soldiers from the local population or railways which provides the infrastructure other buildings need to bring their goods to the market.

Managing buildings

To ease the management of all the different buildings (and their associated production methods) in the country the player can refer to the buildings panel.

The panel provides a bird's-eye view of all industries in the country, and allows the player to see at a glance how those industries are doing financially. The buildings are organized by major and minor type, and can be broken down further to view the individual building in each state, with the possibility of clicking on a building to get an in-depth view of its balance sheet and workforce. In addition, the panel allows adjusting the production methods of an individual building, or setting all production methods for a certain building type to a specific setting all across the country.

Predictive tooltips will explain the anticipated impact on the building's balance as a result of changes in production, consumption, and wage requirements, as well as the changes in employment (which new job positions will be created and which will disappear) that could also impact the country's politics over time. A warning will be provided if there aren't enough qualifying pops to take on any new professions created, as this could limit the industry's effectiveness.

Throughput

Throughput is a measure of how effective a workforce can turn input goods into output goods. Both input and output good will be increased/decreased by the throughput percentage, while required workers will remain the same. This can help an industry reach its maximum profit potential, as wages will not directly increase with the rise in production.

Throughput is positively modified by the economy of scale, certain technologies, good state traits or different encourage industry decrees It can be negatively modified by devastation, going into default or by a shortage of input goods. The modifiers stack with each other.

Economy of Scale

All productive buildings (except Subsistance farms) and many government buildings receive a +1% throughput bonus pr building level above 1 in the same state. The maximum throughput bonus is limited by technology. The maximum economy of scale bonus possible is 50% (which is achieved in a level 51 building).

Productivity

Buildings that produce & sell goods of any kind have a displayed productivity value. This is the profit-per-employee generated by the building on an annual basis, before wages are paid. The productivity value is displayed in green when it is either over 50.0 or more than 50% higher than average, or in red when it is either below 2.0 or less than 66% of the average.

The exact calculation of productivity is = (total annual price of output goods - total annual price of input goods) / total number of employees

The weekly balance can be derived by subtracting the average annual wage from productivity and then multiplying by (number of employees / 52)

Ownership

Buildings that produce Goods have an ownership production method that determines who holds ownership shares in the building and how many shares each owner has. Each ownership share entitles a pop to that proportion of a building's cash reserve and dividends. Pops will become more radical if a building where they have ownership shares is downsized or has its cash reserve wiped out from the country declaring bankruptcy.

When a building has a positive weekly balance a portion of this profit is first deposited into the building's cash reserves with the rest paid to the owners as dividends. Dividends are divided and paid per-share so in those cases where multiple pop types own a building and have unequal ownership shares each owner will receive dividends proportional to their shares. In practice if all owners of a building hold equal ownership shares then the dividends are divided and paid equally among them. Certain pop types such as Capitalists and Aristocrats may deposit a portion of their dividends into the Investment Pool. Dividends (after investment pool deposits) are subject to dividends taxes. Buildings with a full cash reserve will pay their entire weekly balance as dividends.

Building Production and Employment

When a specific combination of production methods is chosen, each level of buildings produces and consumes certain amount of goods while providing certain employments. The amount of goods and employments can be calculated by adding up the contributions from the production methods selected.

Industry Buildings

Food Industry Building Production and Employment Per Level

Building Output Goods	Base PM Group 1	Base PM Group 2	Refining PM Group	Automation PM Group	Ownership PM Group
Food Industries Groceries Liquor	Base	Canning	Distilleries	Automation	Ownership
	Bakeries +45 • −40 • +4500	Jars —	Prioritize Grocery Production —	Manual Dough Processing —	Merchant Guilds +500
	Sweeteners +65 −40 −15 +4000 +500	Canneries +30 +20 −30 −10 +500	Pot Stills +60 −30 −25 +100 +250	Automated Bakery −10 • −2500	Privately Owned +100
					Publicly Traded +150
	Baking Powder +120 −80 −30 +3500 +750 +250	Vacuum Canning +60 +30 −60 −10 −5 +500 +200	Patent Stills +100 −40 −25 −10 +200 +500 +200		Government Run +150
					Worker Cooperative +250

Industry Building Production and Employment Per Level

Building Output Goods	Base PM Group	Refining PM Group	Automation PM Group	Ownership PM Group
Textile Mills Luxury Clothes Clothes	Base	Luxury Production	Automation	Ownership
	Handsewn Clothes +45 • −40 • +4500	Prioritize Non-Luxury Clothing —	Traditional Looms —	Merchant Guilds +500
	Dye Workshops +60 −40 −5 +4000 +500	Craftsman Sewing −20 +20 −10 +10 +500	Mechanized Looms −5 • −1500	Privately Owned +100
	Sewing Machines +100 −60 −10 −5 +3500 +750 +250	Elastics −20 +35 −10 −10 +10 +1000	Automatic Power Looms −5 • −10 • −2500	Publicly Traded +150
	Electric Sewing Machines +140 −60 −20 −10 −10 +3000 +1000 +500			Government Run +150
				Worker Cooperative +250
Furniture Manufacturies Luxury Furniture Furniture	Base	Luxury Production	Automation	Ownership
	Handcrafted Furniture +45 • −30 • −10 • +4500	Prioritize Non-Luxury Furniture —	Hand Assembly —	Merchant Guilds +500
	Lathes +65 −30 −10 −5 +3250 +1000 +250	Luxury Furniture Production −20 +20 −10 +10 +500	Water-tube Boiler −5 • −5 • −1500	Privately Owned +100
			Rotary Valve Engine −5 • −10 • −2000	Publicly Traded +150
	Mechanized Workshops +110 −50 −10 −10 +3000 +1250 +750	Precision Tools −20 +40 −20 −10 +20 +1000	Assembly Lines −5 • −5 • −5 • −3000	Government Run +150
				Worker Cooperative +250
Glassworks Glass Porcelain	Base	Luxury Production	Glassblowing	Ownership
	Forest Glass +30 • −30 • +4500	Prioritize Glass Production —	Manual Glassblowing —	Merchant Guilds +500
	Leaded Glass +40 −20 −10 +4000 +500	Ceramics −20 • +25 • −15 • +500	Automatic Bottle Blowers −5 • −10 • −2500	Privately Owned +100
	Crystal Glass +70 −35 +3000 +1000 +500	Bone China −20 • +40 • −30 • +1000		Publicly Traded +150
	Houseware Plastics +110 −25 −35 +2500 +1250 +750			Government Run +150
				Worker Cooperative +250
Tooling Workshops Tools	Base	N/A	Automation	Ownership
	Crude Tools +30 • −30 • +4500		Hand Assembly —	Merchant Guilds +500
	Pig Iron Tools +60 −30 −20 +4000 +500		Water-tube Boiler −10 • −1500	Privately Owned +100
			Rotary Valve Engine −15 • −2000	Publicly Traded +150
	Steel Tools +80 −30 −20 +3000 +1000 +500		Assembly Lines −10 • −5 • −3000	Government Run +150
				Worker Cooperative +250
Paper Mills Paper	Base	N/A	Automation	Ownership
	Pulp Pressing +40 • −30 • +4500		Hand Assembly —	Merchant Guilds +500
	Sulfite Pulping +70 −30 −10 +4000 +500		Water-tube Boiler −5 • −5 • −1500	Privately Owned +100
			Rotary Valve Engine −5 • −10 • −2000	Publicly Traded +150
	Paper Bleaching +100 −30 −10 −10 +3000 +1000 +500			Government Run +150
				Worker Cooperative +250
Chemical Plants Explosives Fertilizer	Fertilizer Production	Explosives	N/A	Ownership
	Artificial Fertilizers +90 −30 −10 +3000 +1000 +500	Prioritize Fertilizer Production —		Privately Owned +100
		Leblanc Process −15 • +20 • −15 • +250		Publicly Traded +150
	Improved Fertilizers +140 −30 −30 +2000 +1500 +1000	Ammonia-soda Process −15 +40 −15 −15 +500		Government Run +150
	Nitrogen Fixation Process +200 −40 −20 −30 +1000 +2000 +1500	Vacuum Evaporation −30 +70 −30 −15 +750		Worker Cooperative +250
		Brine Electrolysis −50 +100 −30 −15 −15 +1000
Synthetics Plants Silk Dye	Synthetic Dyes	Synthetic Silk	N/A	Ownership
	Synthetic Dye +80 −20 −30 +1000 +1500 +2000	Prioritize Dye Production —		Privately Owned +100
		Rayon −40 +40 −40 −1000 +500 +500		Publicly Traded +150
				Government Run +150
				Worker Cooperative +250
Steel Mills Steel	Steelmaking Process	N/A	Automation	Ownership
	Blister Steel Process +65 −40 −30 +3500 +750 +250		Hand Assembly —	Privately Owned +100
	Bessemer Process +90 −60 −30 +3000 +1000 +500		Water-tube Boiler −5 • −5 • −1500	Publicly Traded +150
	Open Hearth Process +120 −90 −30 +2500 +1250 +750		Rotary Valve Engine −5 • −10 • −2000	Government Run +150
	Electric Arc Process +150 −100 −30 −30 +2000 +1500 +1000			Worker Cooperative +250
Motor Industries Engines Automobiles	Base	Automobile Production	Automation	Ownership
	Steam Engines +40 −30 +2500 +1500 +500	Prioritize Engine Production —	Hand Assembly —	Privately Owned +100
	Electric Engines +80 −40 −30 +2000 +1500 +1000	Automobile Production −20 +25 −10 −20 +1000 +500	Water-tube Boiler −5 • −5 • −500 • −500	Publicly Traded +150
			Rotary Valve Engine −5 • −10 • −1000 • −500	Government Run +150
	Diesel Engines +120 −50 −50 +1500 +1500 +1500		Assembly Lines −5 −5 −5 −1500 −500	Worker Cooperative +250
Shipyards Steamers Clippers Man-o-Wars Ironclads	Base	Military Base	N/A	Ownership
	Wooden Ships +35 −40 −20 +3500 +750 +250	Civilian Shipbuilding —		Merchant Guilds +500
	Reinforced Wooden Ships +70 −40 −20 −20 −10 +3000 +1000 +500	Military Shipbuilding −15 • +15		Privately Owned +100
	Steamships +60 −30 −10 −10 +2000 +1500 +1000	Extensive Military Shipbuilding −25 • +25		Publicly Traded +150
	Arc-Welded Steamships +80 −30 −30 −10 +1000 +2000 +1500	Military Shipbuilding −20 • +20		Government Run +150
		Extensive Military Shipbuilding −25 • +25		Worker Cooperative +250
War Machine Industries Aeroplanes Tanks	Aeroplanes	Tanks	N/A	Ownership
	Aeroplane Production +50 −10 −20 −20 −20 +1500 +2000 +1000	Prioritize Aeroplane Production —		Privately Owned +100
		Tank Production −10 +40 −10 −20 −10 +500		Publicly Traded +150
				Government Run +150
				Worker Cooperative +250
Electrics Industries Radios Telephones	Telephones	Radios	N/A	Ownership
	Telephone Production +60 −20 −20 −20 −10 +1500 +2000 +1000	Prioritize Telephone Production —		Privately Owned +100
		Radio Production −20 +40 −50 +500		Publicly Traded +150
				Government Run +150
				Worker Cooperative +250
Arms Industries Artillery Small Arms	Firearms Manufacturing	Foundries	Automation	Ownership
	Muskets +25 −10 −10 +4500 +500	Prioritize Small Arms Production —	Hand Assembly —	Merchant Guilds +500
	Rifles +35 −10 −10 −5 +4000 +1000	Cannons −10 +15 −10 +500	Rotary Valve Engine −15 • −2000	Privately Owned +100
	Repeating Rifles +50 −20 −10 −10 +3500 +1000 +500	Smoothbores −15 +25 −15 +500 +250	Assembly Lines −10 • −5 • −3000	Publicly Traded +150
	Bolt Action Rifles +75 −20 −10 −20 −10 +3000 +1250 +750	Breech Loaders −25 +40 −25 +500 +500		Government Run +150
				Worker Cooperative +250
Munition Plants Ammunition	Base	N/A	Automation	Ownership
	Percussion Caps +50 −20 −20 +3500 +1000 +500		Hand Assembly —	Privately Owned +100
			Rotary Valve Engine −15 • −2000	Publicly Traded +150
	Explosive Shells +90 −40 −30 +3000 +1250 +750		Assembly Lines −10 • −5 • −3000	Government Run +150
				Worker Cooperative +250

Agricultural Buildings

Farm Building Production and Employment Per Level

Farms Output Goods	Base PM Group	Refining PM Group	Automation PM Group	Ownership PM Group
Rye Farms Fruit Grain Liquor Sugar	Base	Secondary	Harvesting Process	Ownership
	Simple Farming +30 +4000 +600 +300	Maintain Single Crop —	Ox-Powered Ploughs —	Privately Owned +100
	Soil-Enriching Farming +50 −5 · +3800 +800 +300	Potatoes −20 • +15	Harvesting Tools −1 • −500	Publicly Traded +100 • +50
	Fertilizers +90 −15 · +3600 +1000 +300	Apple Orchards −20 • +10 • +5	Steam-Powered Thresher Machines −2 • −4 • −1500	Government Run +150
	Chemical Fertilizers +140 −40 · +3400 +1200 +300		Tractors −5 • −2 • −2500	Worker Cooperative +250
			Compression Ignition Tractors −3 • −2 • −3000
Wheat Farms Fruit Grain Wine Sugar	Base	Secondary	Harvesting Process	Ownership
	Simple Farming +30 +4000 +600 +300	Maintain Single Crop —	Ox-Powered Ploughs —	Privately Owned +100
	Soil-Enriching Farming +50 −5 · +3800 +800 +300	Citrus Orchards −20 • +9 • +6	Harvesting Tools −1 • −500	Publicly Traded +100 • +50
	Fertilizers +90 −15 · +3600 +1000 +300	Vineyards −15 • +8 • +200	Steam-Powered Thresher Machines −2 • −4 • −1500	Government Run +150
	Chemical Fertilizers +140 −40 · +3400 +1200 +300		Tractors −5 • −2 • −2500	Worker Cooperative +250
			Compression Ignition Tractors −3 • −2 • −3000
Rice Farms Fruit Grain Sugar	Base	Secondary	Harvesting Process	Ownership
	Simple Farming +35 +4000 +600 +300	Maintain Single Crop —	Ox-Powered Ploughs —	Privately Owned +100
	Soil-Enriching Farming +65 −10 · +3800 +800 +300	Fig Orchards −15 • +6 • +9	Harvesting Tools −1 • −500	Publicly Traded +100 • +50
	Fertilizers +100 −20 · +3600 +1000 +300		Steam-Powered Thresher Machines −2 • −4 • −1500	Government Run +150
	Chemical Fertilizers +150 −40 · +3400 +1200 +300			Worker Cooperative +250
Maize Farms Fruit Grain Wine Sugar	Base	Secondary	Harvesting Process	Ownership
	Simple Farming +30 +4000 +600 +300	Maintain Single Crop —	Ox-Powered Ploughs —	Privately Owned +100
	Soil-Enriching Farming +50 −5 · +3800 +800 +300	Citrus Orchards −20 • +9 • +6	Harvesting Tools −1 • −500	Publicly Traded +100 • +50
	Fertilizers +90 −15 · +3600 +1000 +300	Vineyards −15 • +7 • +100	Steam-Powered Thresher Machines −2 • −4 • −1500	Government Run +150
	Chemical Fertilizers +140 −40 · +3400 +1200 +300		Tractors −5 • −2 • −2500	Worker Cooperative +250
			Compression Ignition Tractors −3 • −2 • −3000
Millet Farms Fruit Grain Sugar	Base	Secondary	Harvesting Process	Ownership
	Simple Farming +30 +4000 +600 +300	Maintain Single Crop —	Ox-Powered Ploughs —	Privately Owned +100
	Soil-Enriching Farming +50 −5 · +3800 +800 +300	Fig Orchards −15 • +6 • +9	Harvesting Tools −1 • −500	Publicly Traded +100 • +50
	Fertilizers +90 −15 · +3600 +1000 +300		Steam-Powered Thresher Machines −2 • −4 • −1500	Government Run +150
	Chemical Fertilizers +140 −40 · +3400 +1200 +300		Tractors −5 • −2 • −2500	Worker Cooperative +250
			Compression Ignition Tractors −3 • −2 • −3000

Ranch Building Production and Employment Per Level

Ranch Output Goods	Base PM Group 1	Base PM Group 2	Automation PM Group 1	Automation PM Group 2	Ownership PM Group
Livestock Ranches Meat Fabric Fertilizer	Base	Slaughtering	Fencing	Refrigeration	Ownership
	Simple Ranch +25 +4000 +700 +200	Open Air Stockyards +5	Standard Fences —	Unrefrigerated —	Privately Owned +100
		Butchering Tools +15 • −5	Barbed Wire Fences −3 • −1000	Refrigerated Storage −4 • −1000	Publicly Traded +100 • +50
	Intensive Grazing Ranch +40 +10 −10 +3600 +1200 +100	Slaughterhouses +25 • −10	Electric Fences −3 • −3 • −1800	Refrigerated Rail Cars −4 • −3 • −1800	Government Run +150
		Mechanized Slaughterhouses +35 • −10 • −5			Worker Cooperative +250

Mines

Mine Production and Employment Per Level

Building Output Goods	Base PM Group 1	Base PM Group 2	Automation PM Group 1	Automation PM Group 2	Ownership PM Group
Coal Mines Coal	Mining Equipment	Explosives	Steam Automation	Train Automation	Ownership
	Picks and Shovels +25 • −5 • +4500	Manual Drilling —	Hand Cranked Crane —	Road Carts —	Merchant Guilds +500
	Atmospheric Engine Pump +40 • −10 • +4000 • +500	Nitroglycerin +15 • −5 • +250	Steam Donkey −1 • −3 • −1000	Rail Transportation −5 • −1000	Privately Owned +100
	Condensing Engine Pump +60 −15 +3000 +1000 +250	Dynamite +25 • −10 • +250			Publicly Traded +150
	Diesel Pump +90 −15 −5 +2000 +1500 +500				Government Run +150
					Worker Cooperative +250
Iron Mines Iron	Mining Equipment	Explosives	Steam Automation	Train Automation	Ownership
	Picks and Shovels +20 • −5 • +4500	Manual Drilling —	Hand Cranked Crane —	Road Carts —	Merchant Guilds +500
	Atmospheric Engine Pump +40 −10 −10 +4000 +500	Nitroglycerin +12 • −5 • +250	Steam Donkey −1 • −4 • −1000	Rail Transportation −5 • −1000	Privately Owned +100
	Condensing Engine Pump +60 −15 −15 +3000 +1000 +250	Dynamite +20 • −10 • +250			Publicly Traded +150
	Diesel Pump +90 −15 −5 +2000 +1500 +500				Government Run +150
					Worker Cooperative +250
Lead Mines Lead	Mining Equipment	Explosives	Steam Automation	Train Automation	Ownership
	Picks and Shovels +20 • −5 • +4500	Manual Drilling —	Hand Cranked Crane —	Road Carts —	Merchant Guilds +500
	Atmospheric Engine Pump +40 −10 −10 +4000 +500	Nitroglycerin +12 • −5 • +250	Steam Donkey −1 • −4 • −1000	Rail Transportation −5 • −1000	Privately Owned +100
	Condensing Engine Pump +60 −15 −15 +3000 +1000 +250	Dynamite +20 • −10 • +250			Publicly Traded +150
	Diesel Pump +90 −15 −5 +2000 +1500 +500				Government Run +150
					Worker Cooperative +250
Sulfur Mines Sulfur	Mining Equipment	Explosives	Steam Automation	Train Automation	Ownership
	Picks and Shovels +20 • −5 • +4500	Manual Drilling —	Hand Cranked Crane —	Road Carts —	Merchant Guilds +500
	Atmospheric Engine Pump +40 −10 −10 +4000 +500	Nitroglycerin +10 • −5 • +250	Steam Donkey −1 • −4 • −1000	Rail Transportation −5 • −1000	Privately Owned +100
	Condensing Engine Pump +60 −15 −15 +3000 +1000 +250	Dynamite +20 • −10 • +250			Publicly Traded +150
	Diesel Pump +90 −15 −5 +2000 +1500 +500				Government Run +150
					Worker Cooperative +250
Gold Mines Gold	Mining Equipment	Explosives	Steam Automation	Train Automation	Ownership
	Picks and Shovels +10 −5 +4500 Minting +500	Manual Drilling —	Hand Cranked Crane —	Road Carts —	Merchant Guilds +500
	Atmospheric Engine Pump +20 −10 −10 +4000 +500 Minting +1000	Nitroglycerin +5 −5 +250 Minting +250	Steam Donkey −1 • −4 • −1000	Rail Transportation −5 • −1000	Privately Owned +100
	Condensing Engine Pump +30 −15 −15 +3000 +1000 +250 Minting +1250	Dynamite +10 −10 +250 Minting +500			Publicly Traded +150
	Diesel Pump +40 −15 −5 +2000 +1500 +500 Minting +1500				Government Run +150
					Worker Cooperative +250
Gold Fields Gold	Base	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
	Basic Production +20 • +500 • +4500

Plantations

Plantation Production and Employment Per Level

Building Output Goods	Base PM Group	Automation PM Group	Ownership PM Group
Coffee Plantations Coffee	Base	Train Automation	Ownership
	Basic Production +20 +4000 +800 +100	Road Carts —	Privately Owned +100
			Publicly Traded +100 • +50
	Automatic Irrigation +40 −5 +3000 +1200 +500 +100	Rail Transportation −5 • −1000	Government Run +150
			Worker Cooperative +250
Cotton Plantations Fabric	Base	Train Automation	Ownership
	Basic Production +40 +4000 +800 +100	Road Carts —	Privately Owned +100
			Publicly Traded +100 • +50
	Automatic Irrigation +100 −5 +3000 +1200 +500 +100	Rail Transportation −5 • −1000	Government Run +150
			Worker Cooperative +250
Dye Plantations Dye	Base	Train Automation	Ownership
	Basic Production +25 +4000 +800 +100	Road Carts —	Privately Owned +100
			Publicly Traded +100 • +50
	Automatic Irrigation +50 −5 +3000 +1200 +500 +100	Rail Transportation −5 • −1000	Government Run +150
			Worker Cooperative +250
Opium Plantations Opium	Base	Train Automation	Ownership
	Basic Production +20 +4000 +800 +100	Road Carts —	Privately Owned +100
			Publicly Traded +100 • +50
	Automatic Irrigation +50 −5 +3000 +1200 +500 +100	Rail Transportation −5 • −1000	Government Run +150
			Worker Cooperative +250
Tea Plantations Tea	Base	Train Automation	Ownership
	Basic Production +20 +4000 +800 +100	Road Carts —	Privately Owned +100
			Publicly Traded +100 • +50
	Automatic Irrigation +40 −5 +3000 +1200 +500 +100	Rail Transportation −5 • −1000	Government Run +150
			Worker Cooperative +250
Tobacco Plantations Tobacco	Base	Train Automation	Ownership
	Basic Production +25 +4000 +800 +100	Road Carts —	Privately Owned +100
			Publicly Traded +100 • +50
	Automatic Irrigation +50 −5 +3000 +1200 +500 +100	Rail Transportation −5 • −1000	Government Run +150
			Worker Cooperative +250
Sugar Plantations Sugar	Base	Train Automation	Ownership
	Basic Production +30 +4000 +800 +100	Road Carts —	Privately Owned +100
			Publicly Traded +100 • +50
	Automatic Irrigation +60 −5 +3000 +1200 +500 +100	Rail Transportation −5 • −1000	Government Run +150
			Worker Cooperative +250
Banana Plantations Fruit	Base	Train Automation	Ownership
	Basic Production +30 +4000 +800 +100	Road Carts —	Privately Owned +100
			Publicly Traded +100 • +50
	Automatic Irrigation +60 −5 +3000 +1200 +500 +100	Rail Transportation −5 • −1000	Government Run +150
			Worker Cooperative +250
Silk Plantations Silk	Base	Train Automation
	Basic Production +20 +4000 +800 +100	Road Carts —	Privately Owned +100
			Publicly Traded +100 • +50
	Automatic Irrigation +40 −5 +3000 +1200 +500 +100	Rail Transportation −5 • −1000	Government Run +150
			Worker Cooperative +250

Military

Barracks and Conscription Center Production and Employment Per Level

Organization PM	Irregular Infantry	Line Infantry	Skirmish Infantry	Trench Infantry	Squad Infantry	Mechanized Infantry
Unscaled Modifiers Scaled Modifiers	+10 Offense +15 Defense +15 Morale Loss +20 Training Rate +1 Army Power Projection	+20 Offense +30 Defense +10 Morale Loss +20 Training Rate +3 Army Power Projection	+30 Offense +35 Defense +10 Morale Loss +30 Training Rate +5 Army Power Projection	+40 Offense +60 Defense +8 Morale Loss −25% Provinces Captured −25% Provinces Lost +40 Training Rate +7 Army Power Projection	+55 Offense +65 Defense +6 Morale Loss −25% Provinces Lost +40 Training Rate +9 Army Power Projection	+75 Offense +75 Defense +4 Morale Loss +25% Provinces Captured +15% Devastation +30 Training Rate +11 Army Power Projection
Goods	—	−1	−1 • −1	−1 • −2	−1 • −2 • −1	−1 • −3 • −1 −1 • −1
Employment	+30 • +970	+50 • +950	+100 • +900	+150 • +850	+200 • +800	+250 • +750
Artillery Support PM	Infantry Focus	Cannon Artillery	Mobile Artillery	Shrapnel Artillery	Siege Artillery
Unscaled Modifiers Scaled Modifiers	—	+10 Offense +10 Defense +10% Morale Damage +10% Kill Rate +1 Army Power Projection	+15 Offense +15 Defense +15% Morale Damage +10% Kill Rate +10% Provinces Captured +3 Army Power Projection	+30 Offense +30 Defense +20% Morale Damage +30% Kill Rate +25% Devastation +5 Army Power Projection	+40 Offense +30 Defense +40% Morale Damage +25% Kill Rate +50% Devastation +5 Army Power Projection
Goods	—	−0.5	−1	−1 • −1	−2 • −2
Reconnaissance PM	Cavalry Scouts	Bicycle Messengers	Motorized Reconnaissance	Aerial Reconnaissance
Unscaled Modifiers Scaled Modifiers	—	+5 Offense +20% Provinces Captured +1 Army Power Projection	+10 Offense +5 Defense +30% Provinces Captured +3 Army Power Projection	+15 Offense +10 Defense +50% Provinces Captured +5 Army Power Projection
Goods	—	−1 • −1	−1 • −1	−1 • −1
Specialist Companies PM	Standardized Infantry	Machine Gunners	Infiltrators	Flamethrower Companies	Chemical Weapon Specialists
Unscaled Modifiers Scaled Modifiers	—	+25 Defense +10% Morale Damage +10% Kill Rate −25% Provinces Lost +3 Army Power Projection	+15 Offense +25% Provinces Captured +3 Army Power Projection	+20 Offense +15% Morale Damage +20% Kill Rate +15% Devastation +4 Army Power Projection	+50 Offense +50% Morale Damage +50% Kill Rate +100% Devastation −50% Provinces Captured +6 Army Power Projection
Goods	—	−1 • −1	−1 • −1	−1 • −1	−1 • −1
Medical Aid PM	Wound Dressing	First Aid	Field Hospitals
Unscaled Modifiers	+25% Recovery Rate	−25% Morale Loss +50% Recovery Rate	−50% Morale Loss +75% Recovery Rate
Goods	—	−2 • −1	−2 • −1 −1 • −1

Naval Base Production and Employment Per Level

Ship Class PM	Man O' War	Ironclad	Monitor	Dreadnought	Battleship
Unscaled Modifiers Scaled Modifiers	+20 Offense +20 Defense +25 Morale Loss +10 Navy Power Projection +0.1 Max Declared Interests	+40 Offense +40 Defense +20 Morale Loss +20 Navy Power Projection +0.125 Max Declared Interests	+50 Offense +50 Defense +15 Morale Loss +25 Navy Power Projection +0.15 Max Declared Interests	+80 Offense +80 Defense +8 Morale Loss +40 Navy Power Projection +0.175 Max Declared Interests	+100 Offense +100 Defense +5 Morale Loss +50 Navy Power Projection +0.2 Max Declared Interests
Goods	−2	−2 • −1	−3 • −2	−4 • −4 • −1	−5 • −6 • −2
Convoy Raiders PM	Commerce Raiders	Torpedo Boats	Submarines
Unscaled Modifiers	—	+20 Offense −10 Defense +25% Convoy Raiding	+40 Offense −20 Defense +50% Convoy Raiding −5 Training Rate
Goods	—	−2	−1 • −1
Convoy Escorts PM	Escort Frigates	Destroyers	Carriers
Unscaled Modifiers Scaled Modifiers	—	+10 Offense +20 Defense −10% Morale Loss —	+30 Offense +40 Defense −25% Morale Loss −10 Training Rate +20 Navy Power Projection
Goods	—	−2 • −2	−2 • −2 −2 • −2
Naval Theory PM	Naval Traditions	Power of the Purse	Jeune École	Sea Lane Strategies	Battlefleet Tactics
Unscaled Modifiers Scaled Modifiers	— +3 Training Rate	+5 Offense +5 Defense −10% Morale Loss +10% Morale Damage +3.5 Training Rate	+10 Offense +10 Defense −20% Morale Loss +20% Morale Damage +4 Training Rate	+15 Offense +15 Defense −30% Morale Loss +30% Morale Damage +4.5 Training Rate	+20 Offense +20 Defense −40% Morale Loss +40% Morale Damage +5 Training Rate
Employment	+100 • +900	+125 • +875	+150 • +850	+175 • +825	+200 • +800

Urban Center Buildings

Urban Center Building Production and Employment Per Level

Building Output Goods	Base PM Group 1	Base PM Group 2	Automation PM Group	Ownership PM Group
Urban Center Services	Amenities	Street Lighting	Public Transport	Urban Churches
	Market Stalls +25 −5 · +3500 +900 +400	Unlit Streets —	Personal Transportation Only —	State-Run Churches +200
	Market Squares +40 −5 −5 +2500 +1900 +400	Gas Streelights +30 −10 +400 +100	Public Trams −5 • −500	Free Churches +50 • +150
	Covered Markets +60 −8 −8 +2000 +2400 +400	Electric Streetlights +50 −10 +350 +150	Public Motor Carriages −10 • −1000
	Arcades +80 −10 −10 +1000 +3000 +1000
Arts Academy Fine Art	Base	N/A	N/A	Patronage
	Traditional Art +1 • −2.5			Traditional Patronage +150 • +850
	Realist Art +1.5 • −5			Bourgeoisie Patronage +100 • +50 • +850
	Photographic Art +2 • −5 • −2			Independent Artists +1000
	Film Art +3 −5 −5 −2
Power Plants Electricity	Base	N/A	N/A	Ownership
	Hydroelectric Plant +50 −10 · +2500 +1800 +1200			Privately Owned +100
	Coal-Fired Plant +100 −15 −30 +2000 +1500 +1400			Publicly Traded +150
	Oil-Fired Plant +150 −20 −40 +2000 +1500 +1400			Government Run +150
				Worker Cooperative +250

Government Buildings

Government Building Production and Employment Per Level

Building Output	Base PM Group	Secondary PM Group	Secularism PM Group
Port Convoys Infrastructure	Base	N/A	N/A
	Anchorage +40 +500 +350 +150
	Cargo Port +200 +5 −5 +3000 +1500 +500
	Industrial Port +400 +7.5 −5 −5 +2000 +500 +1000 +500
	Modern Port +800 +10 −5 −10 +750 +250 +500 +500
Government Administration Bureaucracy Taxation Capacity	Base	Professionalism	Secularism
	Simple Organization +35 • +5 Taxation Capacity • +4000	Hereditary Bureaucrats +250 • +250	Secular Administration +500
	Filing Cabinets +50 −10 +10 Taxation Capacity +4000
	Standardized Filing System +65 −20 +15 Taxation Capacity +4000	Professional Bureaucrats +500	Administrative Clergy +250 • +250
	Telephone Switchboards +100 −20 −5 +30 Taxation Capacity +2500 +2500
University Innovation	Base	N/A	Secularism
	Scholastic Education +2 −5 +10% Qualifications +1500 +1500		Secular Academia +2000
	Philosophy Department +3 −10 +15% Qualifications +1750 +1250		Clerical Educators +1000 • +1000
	Analytical Philosophy Department +4 −15 +20% Qualifications +2000 +1000
Skyscraper	Skyscraper	Airships	N/A
	Bureaucratic Nexus +25% Government Administration Throughput −25 +1500 +2500 +1000	No Airships —
	Trade Nexus +25% Trade Route Volume −25 +1500 +2500 +1000	Airship Mooring Post +10 Prestige

Misc Resource Buildings

Logging Building Production and Employment Per Level

Building Output Goods	Base PM Group	Refining PM Group	Automation PM Group 1	Automation PM Group 2	Ownership PM Group
Logging Camps Wood Hardwood	Base	Hardwood Production	Special Equipment	Transportation	Ownership
	Simple Forestry +30 • +4500	Prioritize Softwood Production —	Horse Drawn —	Road Carts —	Merchant Guilds +500
	Saw Mills +60 −5 +4000 +500	Hardwood Production −20 • +10	Steam Donkey −1 • −4 • −1000	Rail Transportation −5 • −1000	Privately Owned +100
			Chainsaws −10 −5 −1500 +200 +200	Rail Log Carts −8 • −1500	Publicly Traded +150
	Electric Saw Mills +100 −10 −5 +3000 +1000 +500				Government Run +150
					Worker Cooperative +250

Misc Resource Building Production and Employment Per Level

Building Output Goods	Base PM Group	Automation PM Group	Ownership PM Group
Rubber Plantations Rubber	Base	Train Automation	Ownership
	Basic Production +30 +4000 +800 +100	Road Carts —	Privately Owned +100
		Rail Transportation −5 • −1000	Publicly Traded +100 • +50
	Automatic Irrigation +60 −5 +3000 +1200 +500 +100		Government Run +150
			Worker Cooperative +250
Fishing Wharves Fish	Base	Refrigeration	Ownership
	Simple Fishing +25 • +4500	Unrefrigerated —	Merchant Guilds +500
	Fishing Trawlers +50 −5 +4000 +500	Refrigerated Storage −5 • −1000	Privately Owned +100
		Refrigerated Rail Cars −5 • −5 • −2000	Publicly Traded +150
	Steam Trawlers +100 −5 −15 +3000 +1000 +500	Flash Freezing −7 • −7 • −3000	Government Run +150
			Worker Cooperative +250
Whaling Stations Oil Meat	Base	Refrigeration	Ownership
	Simple Whaling +5 • +10 • +4500	Unrefrigerated —	Merchant Guilds +500
	Whaling Fleet +10 +20 −5 +4000 +500	Refrigerated Storage −5 • −1000	Privately Owned +100
		Refrigerated Rail Cars −5 • −5 • −2000	Publicly Traded +150
	Steam-Powered Whalers +20 +40 −5 −20 +3000 +1000 +500	Flash Freezing −7 • −7 • −3000	Government Run +150
			Worker Cooperative +250
Oil Rigs Oil	Base	Transportation	Ownership
	Steam-Powered Derricks +60 −5 −10 +3000 +1000 +500	Road Carts —	Privately Owned +100
		Rail Transportation −5 • −1000	Publicly Traded +150
	Combustion Engine Derricks +100 −10 +2000 +2000 +900	Tanker Cars −10 • −2000	Government Run +150
			Worker Cooperative +250

Railway and Trade Centers

Trade Building Production and Employment Per Level

Building Output Goods	Base PM Group	Passenger Trains PM Group	Ownership PM Group
Railway Infrastructure Transportation	Base	Passenger trains	Ownership
	Steam trains +20 +50 −10 −10 +3000 +1000 +750	Cargo prioritization —	Privately owned +250
	Electric train +50 +75 −15 −15 +2000 +2000 +750	Wooden passenger carriages +15 −5 −5 -250 −250	Publicly traded +350
	Diesel trains +60 +100 −20 −20 +1500 +2500 +750	Steel passenger carriages +30 −5 −5 −500 −500	Government run +400
			Worker cooperative +250

Subsistence Buildings

Subsistence Building Production and Employment Per Level

Building Output Goods	Base PM Group 1	Base PM Group 2	Base PM Group 3	Ownership PM Group
Subsistence Farms Clothes Fabric Furniture Grain Liquor Services Wood	Base	Home Workshops	Serfdom	Ownership
	Basic Production +2.5 +0.5 +0.5 +0.5 +4750	No Home Workshops +1.25 • +0.5 • +0.5	Free Peasants Subsistence output +4	Privately Owned +300 • +150
		Home Workshops +0.5 • +0.5 • +0.7	Serfdom +0.5 • Subsistence output +3	Worker Cooperative +150 • +100
				Government Run +150 • +100
Subsistence Orchards Clothes Fabric Fruit Furniture Grain Liquor Services Wood	Base	Home Workshops	Serfdom	Ownership
	Basic Production +0.5 +1.33 +0.25 +0.75 +0.5 +4750	No Home Workshops +0.25 • +0.6 • +0.25 • +0.75	Free Peasants Subsistence output +4	Privately Owned +300 • +150
		Home Workshops +0.5 • +0.5 • +0.7	Serfdom +0.33 • Subsistence output +3	Worker Cooperative +150 • +100
				Government Run +150 • +100
Subsistence Pastures Clothes Fabric Furniture Grain Meat Liquor Services Wood	Base	Home Workshops	Serfdom	Ownership
	Basic Production +0.5 +1.33 +0.75 +0.25 +0.5 +4750	No Home Workshops +0.25 • +0.65 • +0.75 • +0.25	Free Peasants Subsistence output +4	Privately Owned +300 • +150
		Home Workshops +0.5 • +0.5 • +0.7	Serfdom +0.33 • Subsistence output +3	Worker Cooperative +150 • +100
				Government Run +150 • +100
Subsistence Fishing Villages Clothes Fabric Fish Furniture Grain Liquor Services Wood	Base	Home Workshops	Serfdom	Ownership
	Basic Production +0.5 +2 +0.25 +0.75 +0.5 +4750	No Home Workshops +0.25 • +1 • +0.25 • +0.75	Free Peasants Subsistence output +4	Privately Owned +300 • +150
		Home Workshops +0.5 • +0.5 • +0.7	Serfdom +0.5 • Subsistence output +3	Worker Cooperative +150 • +100
				Government Run +150 • +100
Subsistence Rice Paddies Clothes Fabric Furniture Grain Liquor Services Wood	Base	Home Workshops	Serfdom	Ownership
	Basic Production +4.5 +0.75 +0.75 +1 +9500	No Home Workshops +2.5 • +1 • +1	Free Peasants Subsistence output +4	Privately Owned +300 • +150
		Home Workshops +1 • +1 • +1.5	Serfdom +1 • Subsistence output +3	Worker Cooperative +150 • +100
				Government Run +150 • +100

Construction Sector

Construction Sector

PM	Wooden Buildings	Iron-Frame Buildings	Steel-Frame Buildings	Arc-Welded Buildings
Output	+2 construction points +0.5% state construction efficiency	+5 construction points +1.0% state construction efficiency	+10 construction points +1.5% state construction efficiency	+20 construction points +2.0% state construction efficiency
Input	−75 −25	−40 −20 −50 −10	−50 −40 −10 −20	−90 −50 −20 −40 −40
Employment	+4000 +500 +500	+3750 +500 +500 +250	+3250 +500 +500 +750	+3000 +500 +500 +750 +250
Base cost	75*20 = 1500 (75%) 25*20 = 500 (25%) Total 2000 (1000 per construction point)	50*40 = 2000 (55%) 10*40 = 400 (11%) 40*20 = 800 (22%) 20*20 = 400 (11%) Total 3600 (720 per construction point)	50*50 = 2500 (46%) 40*40 = 1600 (30%) 10*50 = 500 (9%) 20*40 = 800 (15%) Total 5400 (540 per construction point)	90*50 = 4500 (43%) 50*40 = 2000 (19%) 20*50 = 1000 (10%) 40*40 = 1600 (15%) 30*40 = 1200 (12%) Total 10300 (515 per construction point)